Physical networks are usually utilities, such as telecommunications and infrastructure

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Protocol (direct) A protocol network effect occurs when a standard is declared and all nodes (and their creators) can connect to it using that protocol. Good examples are Bitcoin and Ethereum. Once a protocol is adopted, it is extremely difficult to get it replaced. Personal tool (direct) These network effects are based on two qualities: it is indispensable to the lives of the users and their personal identity is tied to the network.


They are usually used for people to interact with their personal network, so it is important for them to be a part of it. Some examples include WhatsApp, Slack and Skype. Personal (direct) P india telegram data ersonal network effects occur when a large number of people know that they are using the same product, so they feel that their personal identity and reputation are related to it, and are influenced to join the network.


This does not involve an actual practical benefit like the previous one and is less important. Some examples are Facebook and Twitter. Marketing Network (Direct) They are a combination of transactions from a marketplace and communication from a personal network. They are usually the result of a previously disconnected network, so the relationship between nodes is direct. Some examples are HoneyBook and Houzz. 2-sided network effects Also called indirect network effects, the 2-sided network is composed of users on the supply and demand sides, who come to the network for different reasons, building value for the other side.